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2021单片机省赛第一场蓝桥杯真题：另一种代码风格

2021单片机省赛第一场

  • 有关题目
  • 实现代码
  • ①main.c
  • ②main.c
  • iic.h
  • iic.c
  • onewire.h
  • onewire.c

    • 有关题目






    实现代码

    注意：

    代码实现方面：
    ①注意控制温度参数temp_para范围
    ②DAC输出时，注意写入的数字IIC_SendByte(temp)中temp范围在0~255;
    源文件修改方面：
    ①官方给的iic.h中使用的时C51的头文件"reg52.h",我们需要修改为对应的15系列头文件"STC15F2K60S2.h"，这样才可以使用其中的一些特殊位寄存器
    ②注意修改驱动代码时要留意一下onewire.h中单总线延时函数，是STC89C52RC，还是15系列的，15系列的单片机速度比51快8~12倍，需要修改对应的延时函数。如下
    //单总线内部延时函数
    void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t)
    {
    char i;
    while(t–)
    for (i = 0; i < 12; i++);
    }

    ①main.c

    #include "STC15F2K60S2.h"
#include "onewire.h"  									
#include "iic.h"  									

#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int

sbit L1 = P0^0;
sbit L2 = P0^1;
sbit L3 = P0^2;
sbit L4 = P0^3;

uchar jm = 0;
code uchar tab[] = {0xC0, 0xF9, 0xA4, 0xB0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xF8, 0x80, 0x90, 0xff, 0xc6, 0x8c, 0x88};
//c p  A 11 12 13

bit flag_mod;
uchar temp_para = 25;//温度参数

float curr_temp, Vdac;//当前温度，DAC输出电压

void sys_init();
float rd_temp();
void dac_pcf8591(uchar da);
void key_handle();
void mod_handle();
void led();

void dsp_smg_bit(uchar pos, val, dot);//dot = 1,添加小数点
void display();//显示功能，分三个大块
void dsp_temp();
void dsp_para();
void dsp_dac();
void Delay1ms()	;	//1ms@12.000MHz，延时1ms用于给足数码管足够显示时间
void delay_k(uchar t);//延时t * 10us

void main()
{
	sys_init();
	while(1)
	{
		curr_temp = rd_temp();
		key_handle();
		mod_handle();
		display();
		dac_pcf8591((uchar)(Vdac * 51));
		led();
	}
}
void mod_handle()
{
	if (!flag_mod)
	{
		if (curr_temp < temp_para)
			Vdac = 0.0;
		else 
			Vdac = 5.0;
	}
	else 
	{
		if (curr_temp <= 20)
			Vdac = 1.0;
		else if (curr_temp >= 40)
			Vdac = 4.0;
		else 
			Vdac = 0.15 * curr_temp - 2;
	}
}
void led()
{
	if (!flag_mod)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L1 = 0;
	}
	
	if (0 == jm)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L2 = 0;
	}
	else if (1 == jm)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L3 = 0;
	}
	else if (2 == jm)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L4 = 0;
	}
	
}
void key_handle()
{
	P44 = P42 = P33 = 1;
	P32 = 0;
	if (!P44)//s5 模式切换
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P44)
		{
			flag_mod = !flag_mod;
			while(!P44)
				display();
		}
	
	}
	if (!P42)//s9 +
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P42)
		{
			if (1 == jm)
			{
				if (++temp_para > 99)
					temp_para = 99;
				
			}
			
			while(!P42)
				display();
		}
	
	}
	
	P44 = P42 = P32 = 1;
	P33 = 0;
	if (!P44)//s4 界面调整
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P44)
		{
			if (++jm >= 3)
				jm = 0;
			
			while(!P44)
				display();
		}
	
	}
	if (!P42)//s8 -
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P42)
		{
			if (1 == jm)
			{
				if (--temp_para < 10)
					temp_para = 10;
			}
			
			while(!P42)
				display();
		}
	}
}

void dsp_dac()
{	
	uint x = (uint)(Vdac * 100);
	dsp_smg_bit(1, 13, 0);
	
	dsp_smg_bit(6, x / 100 % 10, 1);
	dsp_smg_bit(7, x / 10 % 10, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(8, x % 10, 0);
}


void dsp_para()
{
	dsp_smg_bit(1, 12, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(7, temp_para / 10 % 10, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(8, temp_para % 10, 0);
}

void dsp_temp()
{
	uint x = (uint)(curr_temp * 100);
	if (x != 8500)
	{
		dsp_smg_bit(1, 11, 0);	
		dsp_smg_bit(5, x / 1000 % 10, 0);
		dsp_smg_bit(6, x / 100 % 10, 1);
		dsp_smg_bit(7, x / 10 % 10, 0);
		dsp_smg_bit(8, x % 10, 0);
	}
}

void display()
{
	if (0 == jm)
		dsp_temp();
	else if (1 == jm)
		dsp_para();
	else if (2 == jm)
		dsp_dac();			
}
void dsp_smg_bit (uchar pos, val, dot)
{
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;
	P0 = 1 << (pos - 1);
	
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;
	if (!dot)
		P0 = tab[val];
	else 
		P0 = tab[val] & 0x7f;
	
	Delay1ms();
	P0 = 0xff;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
}
void Delay1ms()		//@12.000MHz
{
	unsigned char i, j;

	i = 12;
	j = 169;
	do
	{
		while (--j);
	} while (--i);
}
void delay_k(uchar t)
{
	while(t--)
		display();
}
void dac_pcf8591(uchar da)
{
	IIC_Start();
	IIC_SendByte(0x90);
	IIC_WaitAck();
	
	IIC_SendByte(0x40);
	IIC_WaitAck();
	
	IIC_SendByte(da);
	IIC_WaitAck();
	IIC_Stop();
}
float rd_temp()
{
	uchar l, h;
	uint temp;
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0x44);
	
	init_ds18b20();//
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0xbe);
	
	l = Read_DS18B20();
	h = Read_DS18B20();
	
	temp = (h & 0x0f);
	temp <<= 8;
	temp |= l;
	
	return (float)(temp * 0.0625);
}	

void sys_init()
{
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;
	P0 = 0xaf;
	
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
	P0 = 0xff;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
}

    ②main.c

    #include "STC15F2K60S2.h"
#include "iic.h"
#include "onewire.h"

#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int

sbit L1 = P0^0;
sbit L2 = P0^1;
sbit L3 = P0^2;
sbit L4 = P0^3;

uchar jm = 0;//界面初始化温度界面
code uchar tab[] = {0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff, 0xc6, 0x8c, 0x88}; 
//C P A 11 12 13

bit mod_flag;//0为模式1，1为模式2；

char temp_para = 25;//温度参数
float curr_temp, Vdac;//当前温度，DAC输出电压

void sys_init();
float rd_temperature();
void key_handle();
void dac_pcf8591(uchar da);
void led();

void dsp_smg_bit(uchar pos, val, sta);//sta = 1,添加小数点
void display();//显示功能，分三个大块
void dsp_temp();
void dsp_para();
void dsp_dac();
void delay_k(uchar t);//延时t * 10us
void Delay1ms();		//1ms@12.000MHz，延时1ms用于给足数码管足够显示时间

void main()
{
	sys_init();
	while(1)
	{
		curr_temp = rd_temperature();
		key_handle();
		display();
		led();
	}
}
void led()
{
	if (!mod_flag)
	{	
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L1 = 0;
	}
	
	if (0 == jm)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L2 = 0;
	}
	else if (1 == jm)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L3 = 0;
	}
	else if (2 == jm)
	{
		P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
		L4 = 0;
	}	
}

void key_handle()
{
	P44 = P42 = P33 = 1;
	P32 = 0;
	if (!P44)//s5--模式切换
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P44)
		{
			while(!P44)
				display();
			mod_flag = !mod_flag;
			if (!mod_flag)
			{
				if (curr_temp * 10 < temp_para * 10)
				{
					Vdac = 0.0;
				}
				else 
					Vdac = 5.0;
			}
			else 
			{
				if (curr_temp * 10 < 200)
					Vdac = 1.0;
				else if (curr_temp * 10 > 400)
					Vdac = 4.0;
				else 
				{
					Vdac = 0.15 * curr_temp - 2;
				}
			}
			dac_pcf8591((uchar)(Vdac * 51));//注意写入pcf8591时范围
		}
	}
	
	if (!P42)//s9 +
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P42)
		{
			while(!P42)
				display();
			if (1 == jm)
			{
				if (++temp_para > 99)
					temp_para = 99;
			}
		}
	}
	
	P44 = P42 = P32 = 1;
	P33 = 0;
	if (!P44)//s4 jm
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P44)
		{
			while(!P44)
				display();
			if (++jm >= 3)
				jm = 0;
		}
	}
	
	if (!P42)//s8 -
	{
		delay_k(15);
		if (!P42)
		{
			while(!P42)
				display();
				
			if (1 == jm)
			{
				if (--temp_para < 0)
					temp_para = 0; 
			}
		}
	}
}
void display()
{
	if (0 == jm)
		dsp_temp();
	else if (1 == jm)
		dsp_para();	
	else if (2 == jm)
		dsp_dac();
}

void dsp_dac()
{
	uint x = (uint) (Vdac * 100);
	dsp_smg_bit(1, 13, 0);
	
	dsp_smg_bit(6, x / 100 % 10, 1);
	dsp_smg_bit(7, x / 10 % 10, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(8, x % 10, 0);

}
void dsp_para()
{
	dsp_smg_bit(1, 12, 0);
	
	dsp_smg_bit(7, temp_para / 10 % 10, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(8, temp_para % 10, 0);
}
void dsp_temp()
{
	uint x = (uint) (curr_temp * 100);//当前温度扩大100倍
	dsp_smg_bit(1, 11, 0);
	
	dsp_smg_bit(5, x / 1000 % 10, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(6, x / 100 % 10, 1);
	dsp_smg_bit(7, x / 10 % 10, 0);
	dsp_smg_bit(8, x % 10, 0);
}

void dsp_smg_bit(uchar pos, val, sta)
{
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xc0;
	P0 = 1 << (pos - 1);
	
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xe0;
	if (sta)
		P0 = tab[val] & 0x7f;
	else 
		P0 = tab[val];
	
	Delay1ms();
	
	P0 = 0xff;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
}
void Delay1ms()		//@12.000MHz
{
	unsigned char i, j;

	i = 12;
	j = 169;
	do
	{
		while (--j);
	} while (--i);
}
void delay_k(uchar t)
{
	while(t--)
		display();
}
void dac_pcf8591(uchar da)
{
	IIC_Start();
	IIC_SendByte(0x90);
	IIC_WaitAck();

	IIC_SendByte(0x40);  //DAC输出模式，允许 DAC， ADC 通道 0
	IIC_WaitAck();

	IIC_SendByte(da);
	IIC_WaitAck();
	IIC_Stop();
}
float rd_temperature()
{
	uchar l, h;
	uint t;
	float temp;
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0x44);
	
	init_ds18b20();
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);
	Write_DS18B20(0xbe);
	
	l = Read_DS18B20();
	h = Read_DS18B20();
	
	t = (h & 0x0f);
	t <<= 8;
	t |= l;
	temp = t * 0.0625;
	
	return temp;
}

void sys_init()
{
	//关蜂鸣器，继电器
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0xa0;
	P0 = 0xaf;
	
	P2 = (P2 & 0x1f) | 0x80;
	P0 = 0xff;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
}

    iic.h

    #ifndef _IIC_H
#define _IIC_H

#include "STC15F2K60S2.h"
#include "intrins.h"

sbit SDA = P2^1;
sbit SCL = P2^0;

void IIC_Start(void); 
void IIC_Stop(void);  
bit IIC_WaitAck(void);  
//void IIC_SendAck(bit ackbit); 
void IIC_SendByte(unsigned char byt); 
//unsigned char IIC_RecByte(void); 


#endif

    iic.c

    #include "iic.h"

#define DELAY_TIME 5

//I2C总线内部延时函数
void IIC_Delay(unsigned char i)
{
    do{_nop_();}
    while(i--);        
}

//I2C总线启动信号
void IIC_Start(void)
{
    SDA = 1;
    SCL = 1;
    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA = 0;
    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL = 0;	
}

//I2C总线停止信号
void IIC_Stop(void)
{
    SDA = 0;
    SCL = 1;
    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA = 1;
    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
}

//void IIC_SendAck(bit ackbit)
//{
//    SCL = 0;
//    SDA = ackbit;  					
//    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
//    SCL = 1;
//    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
//    SCL = 0; 
//    SDA = 1;
//    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
//}

//等待应答
bit IIC_WaitAck(void)
{
    bit ackbit;
	
    SCL  = 1;
    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    ackbit = SDA;
    SCL = 0;
    IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    return ackbit;
}

//I2C总线发送一个字节数据
void IIC_SendByte(unsigned char byt)
{
    unsigned char i;

    for(i=0; i<8; i++)
    {
        SCL  = 0;
        IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        if(byt & 0x80) SDA  = 1;
        else SDA  = 0;
        IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        SCL = 1;
        byt <<= 1;
        IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    }
    SCL  = 0;  
}

//I2C总线接收一个字节数据
//unsigned char IIC_RecByte(void)
//{
//    unsigned char i, da;
//    for(i=0; i<8; i++)
//    {   
//    	SCL = 1;
//	IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
//	da <<= 1;
//	if(SDA) da |= 1;
//	SCL = 0;
//	IIC_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
//    }
//    return da;    
//}

    onewire.h

    #ifndef __ONEWIRE_H
#define __ONEWIRE_H

#include "STC15F2K60S2.h"

sbit DQ = P1^4;  

//unsigned char rd_temperature(void);  
void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t);
bit init_ds18b20(void);
unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void);
void Write_DS18B20(unsigned char dat);

#endif

    onewire.c

    #include "onewire.h"

//单总线内部延时函数
void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t)  
{	
	char i;
	while(t--)
		for (i = 0; i < 12; i++);
}

//单总线写操作
void Write_DS18B20(unsigned char dat)
{
	unsigned char i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		DQ = dat&0x01;
		Delay_OneWire(5);
		DQ = 1;
		dat >>= 1;
	}
	Delay_OneWire(5);
}

//单总线读操作
unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void)
{
	unsigned char i;
	unsigned char dat;
  
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		dat >>= 1;
		DQ = 1;
		if(DQ)
		{
			dat |= 0x80;
		}	    
		Delay_OneWire(5);
	}
	return dat;
}

//DS18B20初始化
bit init_ds18b20(void)
{
  	bit initflag = 0;
  	
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(12);
  	DQ = 0;
  	Delay_OneWire(80);
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(10); 
    initflag = DQ;     
  	Delay_OneWire(5);
  
  	return initflag;
}

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