代码收藏家技术教程 2023-06-20

如何在Node-Red中使用Homeassistant节点

Node-Red中Homeassistant节点使用

1.概述

谷歌解释：Home Assistant is an open-source home automation platform that focuses on privacy and local control.
是一个开源的家庭自动化控制管理平台。

2.用途

Homeassistant简称HA，目前我们想要远程控制家里的电器等设备，首先需要购买智能家居，而智能家居市场上存在许多家居生态（米家、天猫、homekit、博联…），但他们质量层次不齐，并且各自有自己的协议，不同生态之间并不互通。因此购买的时候就会出现必须买同一家生态的设备的限制。如果你全都要，那就可以用HA折腾。HA可以作为桥梁，把市场上现有的生态集成到一起控制。同时，HA还可以监视硬件信息、联网获取天气数据、进行穿衣推荐等等功能。

3.访问地址及用户信息

访问地址：树莓派IP:8123。注意：本节点是安装在树莓派上的，用户名及密码是自定义的。

用户名：pi 密码：raspberry
登录成功后，显示如下图所示界面

4.功能介绍

（1）实体

实体是由组件程序生成的，同时组件程序会决定实体在前端的显示特性(是否可见、图标、名称等）。但我们也可以事后对实体的特性进行自定义，这些自定义属性会覆盖实体生成时的属性，从而改变其（显示）特性。点击“配置”，点击“实体注册表”，如下图所示为目前树莓派系统集成的实体。

（2）硬件状态监控

树莓派homeassistant集成了硬件监控功能，可以查看树莓派的CPU温度、磁盘使用率、内存使用情况等信息，在主界面点击“树莓派”标签卡，可以显示硬件信息，如下图所示。

5.树莓派API key获取

在主界面点击左下角用户标签“pi”，滑动到界面最下边，找到“长期访问令牌”，点击“创建令牌”，随便为令牌起一个名字，点击“确定”。

随后弹出令牌码窗口，如下图所示。复制保存好令牌码，此令牌码长期有效，且关闭窗口后不可再次查看，所以一定要保存好。如果忘记令牌，需再次创建新的令牌。

6.node-red使用令牌

找到node-red中的homeassistant控件，如下图所示。

将events:all或者events:state拖拽进环境，双击配置。Server为homeassistant服务端配置，包含IP地址、API key等信息；Entity ID填写需要采集的实体ID名称。（注意：只有树莓派端的node-red才具有homeassistant控件，电脑端未安装homeassistant控件，因为电脑端不支持填写API key）。

点击sever右侧的铅笔图标进入配置，如下图所示。

Base URL填写树莓派的homeassistant的IP地址:8123
access token填写刚刚获取的令牌
填写完毕后，点击“添加”按钮，完成server的配置。

7.代码界面及结果展示

node-red代码界面编写请参考：

实现功能请参考下图：

代码请参考：

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