代码收藏家技术教程 2023-10-19

Proteus软件仿真教程二：按键控制LED灯逐个点亮

1 功能描述

通过2个按键控制8个LED逐个点亮，系统启动默认点亮LED1，按K1则逐次向右点亮灯2、灯3、灯4···，按K2则逐次向左点亮。

2 电路图

在LED流水灯电路图上直接增加2个按键即可，接P3_0/P3_1口，电路图没有大的变动。上拉电阻统一100欧，Proteus软件感觉用起来比实物开发板要方便点，我之前还买了个普中的开发板，优缺点后面使用再说吧，我现在还不太好评论。Proteus软件用熟练了画图很快，手生的话多用鼠标右键，慢点就慢点，不至于老是画错。

3 代码

上篇文章不是很详细，这边把截图放上。左键单击芯片右键弹出快捷菜单选择编辑源代码或者工具栏找编辑源代码图标都可以进去源码编辑界面。

3.1头文件的引用

代码有关于P3_0/P3_1口的位定义，因此不能用默认的51引用头文件，这里放REGX52.H头文件。

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT89X52.H

Header file for the low voltage Flash Atmel AT89C52 and AT89LV52.
Copyright (c) 1988-2002 Keil Elektronik GmbH and Keil Software, Inc.
All rights reserved.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#ifndef __AT89X52_H__
#define __AT89X52_H__

/*------------------------------------------------
Byte Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sfr P0      = 0x80;
sfr SP      = 0x81;
sfr DPL     = 0x82;
sfr DPH     = 0x83;
sfr PCON    = 0x87;
sfr TCON    = 0x88;
sfr TMOD    = 0x89;
sfr TL0     = 0x8A;
sfr TL1     = 0x8B;
sfr TH0     = 0x8C;
sfr TH1     = 0x8D;
sfr P1      = 0x90;
sfr SCON    = 0x98;
sfr SBUF    = 0x99;
sfr P2      = 0xA0;
sfr IE      = 0xA8;
sfr P3      = 0xB0;
sfr IP      = 0xB8;
sfr T2CON   = 0xC8;
sfr T2MOD   = 0xC9;
sfr RCAP2L  = 0xCA;
sfr RCAP2H  = 0xCB;
sfr TL2     = 0xCC;
sfr TH2     = 0xCD;
sfr PSW     = 0xD0;
sfr ACC     = 0xE0;
sfr B       = 0xF0;

/*------------------------------------------------
P0 Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit P0_0 = 0x80;
sbit P0_1 = 0x81;
sbit P0_2 = 0x82;
sbit P0_3 = 0x83;
sbit P0_4 = 0x84;
sbit P0_5 = 0x85;
sbit P0_6 = 0x86;
sbit P0_7 = 0x87;

/*------------------------------------------------
PCON Bit Values
------------------------------------------------*/
#define IDL_    0x01

#define STOP_   0x02
#define PD_     0x02    /* Alternate definition */

#define GF0_    0x04
#define GF1_    0x08
#define SMOD_   0x80

/*------------------------------------------------
TCON Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit IT0  = 0x88;
sbit IE0  = 0x89;
sbit IT1  = 0x8A;
sbit IE1  = 0x8B;
sbit TR0  = 0x8C;
sbit TF0  = 0x8D;
sbit TR1  = 0x8E;
sbit TF1  = 0x8F;

/*------------------------------------------------
TMOD Bit Values
------------------------------------------------*/
#define T0_M0_   0x01
#define T0_M1_   0x02
#define T0_CT_   0x04
#define T0_GATE_ 0x08
#define T1_M0_   0x10
#define T1_M1_   0x20
#define T1_CT_   0x40
#define T1_GATE_ 0x80

#define T1_MASK_ 0xF0
#define T0_MASK_ 0x0F

/*------------------------------------------------
P1 Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit P1_0 = 0x90;
sbit P1_1 = 0x91;
sbit P1_2 = 0x92;
sbit P1_3 = 0x93;
sbit P1_4 = 0x94;
sbit P1_5 = 0x95;
sbit P1_6 = 0x96;
sbit P1_7 = 0x97;

sbit T2   = 0x90;       /* External input to Timer/Counter 2, clock out */
sbit T2EX = 0x91;       /* Timer/Counter 2 capture/reload trigger & dir ctl */

/*------------------------------------------------
SCON Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit RI   = 0x98;
sbit TI   = 0x99;
sbit RB8  = 0x9A;
sbit TB8  = 0x9B;
sbit REN  = 0x9C;
sbit SM2  = 0x9D;
sbit SM1  = 0x9E;
sbit SM0  = 0x9F;

/*------------------------------------------------
P2 Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit P2_0 = 0xA0;
sbit P2_1 = 0xA1;
sbit P2_2 = 0xA2;
sbit P2_3 = 0xA3;
sbit P2_4 = 0xA4;
sbit P2_5 = 0xA5;
sbit P2_6 = 0xA6;
sbit P2_7 = 0xA7;

/*------------------------------------------------
IE Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit EX0  = 0xA8;       /* 1=Enable External interrupt 0 */
sbit ET0  = 0xA9;       /* 1=Enable Timer 0 interrupt */
sbit EX1  = 0xAA;       /* 1=Enable External interrupt 1 */
sbit ET1  = 0xAB;       /* 1=Enable Timer 1 interrupt */
sbit ES   = 0xAC;       /* 1=Enable Serial port interrupt */
sbit ET2  = 0xAD;       /* 1=Enable Timer 2 interrupt */

sbit EA   = 0xAF;       /* 0=Disable all interrupts */

/*------------------------------------------------
P3 Bit Registers (Mnemonics & Ports)
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit P3_0 = 0xB0;
sbit P3_1 = 0xB1;
sbit P3_2 = 0xB2;
sbit P3_3 = 0xB3;
sbit P3_4 = 0xB4;
sbit P3_5 = 0xB5;
sbit P3_6 = 0xB6;
sbit P3_7 = 0xB7;

sbit RXD  = 0xB0;       /* Serial data input */
sbit TXD  = 0xB1;       /* Serial data output */
sbit INT0 = 0xB2;       /* External interrupt 0 */
sbit INT1 = 0xB3;       /* External interrupt 1 */
sbit T0   = 0xB4;       /* Timer 0 external input */
sbit T1   = 0xB5;       /* Timer 1 external input */
sbit WR   = 0xB6;       /* External data memory write strobe */
sbit RD   = 0xB7;       /* External data memory read strobe */

/*------------------------------------------------
IP Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit PX0  = 0xB8;
sbit PT0  = 0xB9;
sbit PX1  = 0xBA;
sbit PT1  = 0xBB;
sbit PS   = 0xBC;
sbit PT2  = 0xBD;

/*------------------------------------------------
T2CON Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit CP_RL2= 0xC8;      /* 0=Reload, 1=Capture select */
sbit C_T2 = 0xC9;       /* 0=Timer, 1=Counter */
sbit TR2  = 0xCA;       /* 0=Stop timer, 1=Start timer */
sbit EXEN2= 0xCB;       /* Timer 2 external enable */
sbit TCLK = 0xCC;       /* 0=Serial clock uses Timer 1 overflow, 1=Timer 2 */
sbit RCLK = 0xCD;       /* 0=Serial clock uses Timer 1 overflow, 1=Timer 2 */
sbit EXF2 = 0xCE;       /* Timer 2 external flag */
sbit TF2  = 0xCF;       /* Timer 2 overflow flag */

/*------------------------------------------------
T2MOD Bit Values
------------------------------------------------*/
#define DCEN_   0x01    /* 1=Timer 2 can be configured as up/down counter */
#define T2OE_   0x02    /* Timer 2 output enable */

/*------------------------------------------------
PSW Bit Registers
------------------------------------------------*/
sbit P    = 0xD0;
sbit F1   = 0xD1;
sbit OV   = 0xD2;
sbit RS0  = 0xD3;
sbit RS1  = 0xD4;
sbit F0   = 0xD5;
sbit AC   = 0xD6;
sbit CY   = 0xD7;

/*------------------------------------------------
Interrupt Vectors:
Interrupt Address = (Number * 8) + 3
------------------------------------------------*/
#define IE0_VECTOR	0  /* 0x03 External Interrupt 0 */
#define TF0_VECTOR	1  /* 0x0B Timer 0 */
#define IE1_VECTOR	2  /* 0x13 External Interrupt 1 */
#define TF1_VECTOR	3  /* 0x1B Timer 1 */
#define SIO_VECTOR	4  /* 0x23 Serial port */

#define TF2_VECTOR	5  /* 0x2B Timer 2 */
#define EX2_VECTOR	5  /* 0x2B External Interrupt 2 */

#endif

sbit P3_0 = 0xB0;
sbit P3_1 = 0xB1;

P3口的字节地址为B0H，位地址为B0~B7H，sbit是C51扩展的4种数据类型之一。

3.2 程序设计

（1）定义一个无符号字符型变量LEDNum，初始值为0，当按键K1按下，则LEDNum自增1，K2按下，LEDNum自减1。

（2）按键K1按下，LEDNum加1，则原先点亮的灯的右边的灯亮，之前的灯灭，这里是通过左移LEDNum位来实现的。例如LEDNum=5，则00000001B左移5位，P2口00100000B取反后为11011111B，第6个灯亮（低电平点亮）；如果K2按下，LEDNum减1，LEDNum=4，则P2口左移4位，第5个灯亮。

（3）按K1若LEDNum>=8时，则LEDNum=0，第一个灯亮。这时按K2则使最后一个等亮。读者可自行品味。

#include <REGX52.H>

void Delay(unsigned int xms);

unsigned char LEDNum;


void main()
{
	P2=~0x01;				//上电默认LED1点亮
	while(1)
	{
		if(P3_1==0)			//如果K1按键按下
		{
			Delay(20);
			while(P3_1==0);
			Delay(20);
			LEDNum++;		//LEDNum自增
			if(LEDNum>=8)	//限制LEDNum自增范围
				LEDNum=0;
			P2=~(0x01<<LEDNum);	//LED的第LEDNum位点亮
		
		}
		if(P3_0==0)			//如果K2按键按下
		{
			Delay(20);
			while(P3_0==0);
			Delay(20);
			
			if(LEDNum==0)	//LEDNum减到0后变为7
				LEDNum=7;
			else			//LEDNum未减到0，自减
				LEDNum--;
			P2=~(0x01<<LEDNum);	//LED的第LEDNum位点亮
		}
	}
}

void Delay(unsigned int xms)
{
	unsigned char i, j;
	while(xms--)
	{
		i = 2;
		j = 239;
		do
		{
			while (--j);
		} while (--i);
	}
}