代码收藏家技术教程 4天前

STM32工程搭建指南：使用Cursor实现编译、下载与仿真全过程

嵌入式学习交流Q群 679912988

简介

本工程使用GCC编译器、MinGW、CMake构建工具和OpenOCD调试工具。实现了替代KEIL, IAR等在某些情况下不方便使用的情况。实现了编译、调试、下载、烧录一体。搭配Cursor的Tab补全功能，编码效率大大提升。

工具下载及安装

Cursor 辅助编码工具

GCC 交叉编译工具是一种用于在一种平台上编译代码，以便在另一种平台上运行的工具。

MinGW MinGW包含make工具,它通过读取名为Makefile的文件，定义了如何编译和链接程序。

CMake 构建工具，它通过读取名为CMakeLists.txt的文件，定义了如何编译和链接程序。

OpenOCD 开源的调试器，用于调试嵌入式系统。

此工程使用的是Windows系统，所以下载的工具都是Windows版本的。ubuntu系统同理。

版本对应日期：2025-02-08

注意：工具安装路径不要有中文，否则可能会出现编译错误。

安装Cursor

Cursor是VSCode的分支，所以VSCode的插件都可以使用，这也是Cursor的优点之一。强大的Claude 3.5 Sonnet模型加上自动提示Tab补全功能对于编码来说真的是妙不可言。收费20$/月，高端模型500次调用GPT-4, GPT-4o, 和Claude 3.5 Sonnet。GPT-4o-mini或Cursor-small则没有次数限制。
github账号登陆可以体验15天，过期不缴费则与VSCode一样。

现在正是AI的窗口期，AI工具日新月异。包括国产的大模型DeepSeek搭配VSCode也是不错的低价方案。

版本：0.44.8
下载地址：https://www.cursor.com/

安装过程略

需要安装的插件

Cortex-Debug ARM Cortex-M GDB Debugger support for VSCode

C/C++ C/C++ for Visual Studio Code

安装GCC

交叉编译工具是一种用于在一种平台上编译代码，以便在另一种平台上运行的工具。它们特别适用于嵌入式系统开发，因为开发环境通常与目标硬件平台不同。

版本：gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-win32.zip

下载地址：https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/gnu-rm

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\tools\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\tools\gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入arm-none-eabi-gcc -v，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\Users\yulc>arm-none-eabi-gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=arm-none-eabi-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=d:/desktop/software/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/10.3.1/lto-wrapper.exe
Target: arm-none-eabi
Configured with: /mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/src/gcc/configure --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=i686-w64-mingw32 --target=arm-none-eabi --prefix=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw --libexecdir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/lib --infodir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/info --mandir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/man --htmldir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/html --pdfdir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/pdf --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-mingw-wildcard --disable-decimal-float --disable-libffi --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap --disable-libquadmath --disable-libssp --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-tls --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-headers=yes --with-newlib --with-python-dir=share/gcc-arm-none-eabi --with-sysroot=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/arm-none-eabi --with-libiconv-prefix=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-gmp=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-mpfr=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-mpc=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-isl=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-libelf=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' --with-pkgversion='GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10.3-2021.10' --with-multilib-list=rmprofile,aprofile
Thread model: single
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 10.3.1 20210824 (release) (GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10.3-2021.10)

安装MinGW

版本：x86_64-14.2.0-release-win32-seh-ucrt-rt_v12-rev1.7z

下载地址：https://www.mingw-w64.org/downloads/

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\tools\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\tools\mingw64\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入make -v，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\Users\yulc>make -v
GNU Make 4.2.1
Built for x86_64-w64-mingw32
Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

安装CMake

CMake是一个跨平台的开源构建系统，用于管理和构建软件项目。它通过读取名为CMakeLists.txt的文件，定义了如何编译和链接程序。

下载地址：https://cmake.org/download/

版本：cmake-3.31.5-windows-x86_64.zip

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\tools\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\tools\cmake\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入cmake --version，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\Users\yulc>cmake -version
cmake version 3.26.4

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

安装OpenOCD

下载地址：https://github.com/openocd-org/openocd

版本：xpack-openocd-0.12.0-6-darwin-arm64.tar.gz

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\tools\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\tools\xpack-openocd-0.12.0-3\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入openocd -v，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\Users\yulc>openocd -v
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.12.0 (2023-02-02) [https://github.com/sysprogs/openocd]
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
libusb1 09e75e98b4d9ea7909e8837b7a3f00dda4589dc3
For bug reports, read
        http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html

工程搭建

这里通过STM32F407ZGTX为例，讲解如何搭建工程，GD32同理。

新建工程目录，该项目结构如下所示，包含了编译输出、工程配置、平台库、应用代码、脚本和VSCode配置等内容：

PROJECT
├── build               # 编译输出目录，存放生成的二进制文件和其他构建产物
├── CMakeLists.txt      # 工程配置文件，定义了构建过程和依赖关系
├── Platform            # 平台库，包含硬件抽象层和标准库
│   ├── FW              # 标准库，提供对STM32F4系列微控制器的支持
│   └── CMSIS           # Cortex-M微控制器软件接口标准
│   └── CMakeLists.txt  # 平台库的CMake配置文件生成libxxxx.a文件
├── Application         # 应用代码，包含主程序和其他应用逻辑
│   └── CMakeLists.txt  # BSP目录
│   └── BoardDemo       # 各个板级
│        └── main.c          # 主函数，程序的入口点
│        └── CMakeLists.txt  # 应用的CMake配置文件生成elf文件，链接libxxxx.a文件，生成hex和bin文件
├── scripts             # 脚本，包含构建和调试所需的配置文件
│   ├── STM32F407ZGTX.ld  # 链接脚本，定义了内存布局和链接规则
│   ├── STM32F407ZGTX.svd # 寄存器描述文件，提供外设寄存器的定义
│   ├── openocd_target.cfg # OpenOCD配置文件，用于调试和编程
│   ├── cmsis-dap.cfg   # CMSIS-DAP下载器配置文件
│   └── stlink-dap.cfg  # ST-Link下载器配置文件
└── .vscode             # VSCode工程配置，包含调试和任务设置
   ├── tasks.json       # 任务设置，包含编译、下载、烧录等任务
   └── launch.json      # 调试配置，包含调试器和调试参数
   └── c_cpp_properties.json # 编译器配置，包含编译器路径、标准库路径、宏定义等

具体思路通过CMAKE配置，交叉编译参数，指定静态库目录，和应用执行目录，通过链接脚本生成elf文件，通过objcopy生成hex和bin文件。

由于涉及到的内容较多，篇幅有限，仅贴出部分代码如下。

根CMakeLists.txt

PROJECT/CMakeLists.txt，指定编译工具，交叉编译配置，定义工程名称，指定编译工具，指定静态库目录，和应用执行目录。通过DEVICE_TYPE指定设备类型，添加宏定义。

# 设置 CMake 最低支持版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)

# Cmake 交叉编译配置
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)

# 定义工程名称
project("demo")

# 指定编译工具
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "arm-none-eabi-gcc")
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "arm-none-eabi-g++")
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER "arm-none-eabi-gcc")
set(CMAKE_AR "arm-none-eabi-ar")
set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY "arm-none-eabi-objcopy")
set(CMAKE_OBJDUMP "arm-none-eabi-objdump")
set(CMAKE_SIZE "arm-none-eabi-size")

# 编译相关选项
set(MCU_FLAGS "-mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG "-g -ggdb -Og")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O3")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS}  -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wl,-u,_printf_float") #-w -Wall
set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${MCU_FLAGS} -x assembler-with-cpp")


option(BOOT "build for boot!" OFF)
option(RELEASE "build for release!" OFF)

if(RELEASE)
   message("build for release!")
   set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
   add_definitions(-DRELEASE)
else()
   message("build for debug!")
   set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")
   add_definitions(-DDEBUG)
endif()

if(BOOT)
   message("build for boot!")
   add_definitions(-DBOOT)
else()
   message("build for app!")
endif()

if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES "STM32") 
   add_definitions(-DSTM32)
endif()

if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES "STM32F4") 
   add_definitions(-DSTM32F4)
   add_definitions(-DARM_MATH_CM4)

endif()

if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES "STM32F40|STM32F41") 
   add_definitions(-DSTM32F40_41xxx)
endif()

if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES "STM32F407ZGTX") 
   add_definitions(-DSTM32F407ZGTX) 
endif()

add_definitions(-DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER)

add_subdirectory(Platform) #平台库
add_subdirectory(Application) #应用

库CMakeLists.txt

Platform/CMakeLists.txt，指定启动文件，添加ASM支持，设置启动文件C属性，生成库目标platform，设置库输出的名称，设置库文件的默认输出路径。

#添加头文件搜索路径
include_directories(    
   ./CMSIS/Include
   ./CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include
   ./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc   
   ./Include
)

#添加源文件
aux_source_directory(./CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates SRC_LIST)

#添加标准库源文件
if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES "STM32F40|STM32F41")

file(GLOB FW_LIST 
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_adc.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_crc.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dbgmcu.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dma.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_exti.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_flash.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_gpio.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_i2c.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_iwdg.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_pwr.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rcc.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rtc.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_sdio.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_spi.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_syscfg.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_tim.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/misc.c   
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_cryp.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_hash.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rng.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_can.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dac.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dcmi.c
./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_fsmc.c
)
endif()

#设置启动文件变量
if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES "STM32F407ZGTX") 
set(START_UP_ASM ./CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/GNU/startup_stm32f407zgtx.s)
endif()

#设置支持 ASM
ENABLE_LANGUAGE(ASM)

#设置启动文件 C 属性
set_property(SOURCE ${START_UP_ASM} PROPERTY LANGUAGE C)

#生成库目标 platform
add_library(platform STATIC
   ${START_UP_ASM}
   ${SRC_LIST}
   ${FW_LIST}
)

#设置库输出的名称
set_target_properties(platform PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${DEVICE_TYPE})

#设置库文件的默认输出路径
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/build/lib)

BSP目录CMakeLists.txt

通过tasks.json传入参数，检索BSP子目录

#添加头文件搜索路径
include_directories(
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/CMSIS/Include
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc   
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Application
)


#测试
if(${BOARD_TYPE} MATCHES "BOARD_TEST") 
    add_definitions(-DBOARD_TEST)
    message("build for BOARD_TEST!")
    add_subdirectory(BoardTest)
endif()

可执行CMakeLists.txt

Application/CMakeLists.txt，指定链接脚本，设置链接选项，生成目标文件，确保可执行文件依赖于动态库，把目标文件与库文件进行链接，设置可执行文件输出路径，设置 ELF 转换路径，添加自定义命令实现 ELF 转换 hex 和 bin 文件。

set(VERSION_MAJOR "1")
set(VERSION_MINOR "0")
set(VERSION_PATCH "0")

#APP
# v1.0.0 首次添加


set(BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR "1")
set(BOOT_VERSION_MINOR "0")
set(BOOT_VERSION_PATCH "0")

#BOOT
# v1.0.0 首次添加

add_definitions(-DVERSION_MAJOR=${VERSION_MAJOR})
add_definitions(-DVERSION_MINOR=${VERSION_MINOR})
add_definitions(-DVERSION_PATCH=${VERSION_PATCH})
add_definitions(-DBOOT_VERSION_MAJOR=${BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR})
add_definitions(-DBOOT_VERSION_MINOR=${BOOT_VERSION_MINOR})
add_definitions(-DBOOT_VERSION_PATCH=${BOOT_VERSION_PATCH})

#添加头文件搜索路径
include_directories(
    ./Include
)


aux_source_directory(./Source SRC_LIST)


#添加非标准的共享库搜索路径
link_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/build/lib)
link_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/CMSIS/Lib/GCC)

if(${BOOT})
        set(LINKER_SCRIPT ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/${DEVICE_TYPE}_BOOT.ld)
else()
        set(LINKER_SCRIPT ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/${DEVICE_TYPE}.ld)
endif()

#设置链接选项
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS " -specs=rdimon.specs --specs=nano.specs -specs=nosys.specs -T${LINKER_SCRIPT} -Wl,-Map=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections")

#生成目标文件
add_executable(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf main.c ${SRC_LIST})

# 确保可执行文件依赖于动态库
add_dependencies(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf platform)

if(${BOOT})
    #把目标文件与库文件进行链接
    target_link_libraries(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf 
    ${DEVICE_TYPE}
    arm_cortexM4lf_math
    )
else()
    #把目标文件与库文件进行链接
    target_link_libraries(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf 
    ${DEVICE_TYPE}
    arm_cortexM4lf_math
    )
endif()

#设置可执行文件输出路径
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR})

#设置 ELF 转换路径
set(ELF_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf)
set(HEX_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.hex)
set(BIN_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.bin)


if(${BOOT})
    #添加自定义命令实现 ELF 转换 hex 和 bin 文件
    add_custom_command(TARGET "${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf" POST_BUILD   
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Obinary ${ELF_FILE} ${BIN_FILE}
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Oihex ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE}
    COMMENT "Building ${PROJECT_NAME}.bin and ${PROJECT_NAME}.hex"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${HEX_FILE} "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}_Boot_V${BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_MINOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_PATCH}.hex"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${BIN_FILE} "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}_Boot_V${BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_MINOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_PATCH}.bin"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${BIN_FILE} "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.bin"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${ELF_FILE} "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_SIZE} --format=berkeley ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE}
    COMMENT "Invoking: Cross ARM GNU Print Size")
else()
    #添加自定义命令实现 ELF 转换 hex 和 bin 文件
    add_custom_command(TARGET "${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf" POST_BUILD
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Obinary ${ELF_FILE} ${BIN_FILE}
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Oihex ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE}
    COMMENT "Building ${PROJECT_NAME}.bin and ${PROJECT_NAME}.hex"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${BIN_FILE} "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.bin"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${ELF_FILE} "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf"
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_SIZE} --format=berkeley ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE}
    COMMENT "Invoking: Cross ARM GNU Print Size")
endif()

task.json

VSCode 任务配置，包含清理、编译、下载等任务。

    "version": "2.0.0",
    "options": {
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/build"
    },
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "clean",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "rm * -r"
        },
        {
            "label": "cmake",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "-G",
                "MinGW Makefiles",
                "..",
                "-DDEVICE_TYPE=STM32F407ZGTX",
                "-DBOOT=ON",
                "-DRELEASE=ON",
                "-DBOARD_TYPE=BOARD_DEMO",
            ],
            "dependsOn": [
                "clean",
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "make",
            "type": "shell",
            // "command": "make -j10",
            "command": "make",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "rebuild",
            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
            "dependsOn": [
                "cmake",
                "make"
            ],
            "problemMatcher": []
        },
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "download boot",
            "command": "openocd",
            "args": [
                "-f",
                "../scripts/stlink-dap.cfg",
                "-f",
                "../scripts/openocd_target.cfg",
                // "-f",
                // "E:/project/scripts/cmsis-dap.cfg",
                // "-f",
                // "E:/project/scripts/openocd_target.cfg",
                "-c",
                "init",
                "-c",
                "halt",
                "-c",
                "program STM32F407ZGTX.bin 0x8000000",
                "-c",
                "reset",
                "-c",
                "shutdown"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "dependsOn": "make"
        },
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "download",
            "command": "openocd",
            "args": [
                "-f",
                "../scripts/stlink-dap.cfg",
                "-f",
                "../scripts/openocd_target.cfg",
                // "-f",
                // "E:/project/scripts/cmsis-dap.cfg",
                // "-f",
                // "E:/project/scripts/openocd_target.cfg",
                "-c",
                "init",
                "-c",
                "halt",
                "-c",
                "program STM32F407ZGTX.bin 0x8020000",
                "-c",
                "reset",
                "-c",
                "shutdown"
            ],
            "group": "build",
            "dependsOn": "make"
        }
    ]
}

Cursor 点亮LED

打开 main.c 文件，添加程序入口点及基础配置。

#include "stm32f4xx.h"

int main(void)
{
    SystemInit();
    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4);
    NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0);
    __enable_irq();
    __set_FAULTMASK(0);

    return 0;
}

呼出cursor面板 CTRL+I ，输入 通过标准库添加呼吸灯，IO口选择PA5，呼吸频率为1S ，点击 生成代码 ，然后就变成了这个样子。

#include "stm32f4xx.h"

// 延时函数
void delay(volatile uint32_t delay) {
    while (delay--) {
        __asm("nop");
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    // 初始化系统
    SystemInit();
    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4);
    NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0);
    __enable_irq();
    __set_FAULTMASK(0);

    // 配置PA5为输出模式
    RCC->AHB1ENR |= RCC_AHB1ENR_GPIOAEN; // 使能GPIOA时钟
    GPIOA->MODER &= ~(3U << (5 * 2)); // 清除PA5的模式
    GPIOA->MODER |= (1U << (5 * 2)); // 设置PA5为输出模式

    while (1) {
        // 呼吸灯效果
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            GPIOA->ODR |= (1U << 5); // 点亮LED
            delay(1000 - i); // 延时
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            GPIOA->ODR &= ~(1U << 5); // 熄灭LED
            delay(i); // 延时
        }
    }
}

显然，代码已经自动生成好了。但我想要的并不是直接寄存器操作，而是通过标准库操作。

在对话中输入 不是直接寄存器操作，而是通过标准库操作 ，点击 生成代码 ，然后就变成了我想要的样子。

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_gpio.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_rcc.h"

// 延时函数
void delay(volatile uint32_t delay) {
    while (delay--) {
        __asm("nop");
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    // 初始化系统
    SystemInit();
    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4);
    NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0);
    __enable_irq();
    __set_FAULTMASK(0);

    // 配置PA5为输出模式
    RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); // 使能GPIOA时钟

    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5; // 选择PA5
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT; // 设置为输出模式
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz; // 设置速度
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP; // 设置为推挽输出
    GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL; // 不使用上拉或下拉
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct); // 初始化GPIOA

    while (1) {
        // 呼吸灯效果
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_5); // 点亮LED
            delay(1000 - i); // 延时
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_5); // 熄灭LED
            delay(i); // 延时
        }
    }
}

工程测试

清理

删除build目录下的所有文件

终端->运行任务->clean

输出内容如下

正在执行任务: rm * -r 

终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。

配置

通过cmake 生成Makefile。该操作前会先清理build目录下的所有文件。

终端->运行任务->cmake

输出内容如下

正在执行任务: cmake -G 'MinGW Makefiles' .. -DDEVICE_TYPE=STM32F407ZGTX 

-- The C compiler identification is GNU 8.1.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 8.1.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed
-- Check for working C compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe
-- Check for working C compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe - works
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - failed
-- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/c++.exe
-- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/c++.exe - works
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: D:/Desktop/Software/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe
-- Configuring done (3.6s)
-- Generating done (0.1s)
-- Build files have been written to: E:/project/build
 *  终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。

编译

通过make 编译工程。修改make -j10 指定编译线程数。减少编译时间。

终端->运行任务->make

输出内容如下

正在执行任务: make 

[  3%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/GNU/startup_stm32f407zgtx.s.obj
[  6%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/system_stm32f4xx.c.obj
[  9%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/misc.c.obj
[ 12%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_adc.c.obj
[ 16%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_can.c.obj
[ 19%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_crc.c.obj
[ 22%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_cryp.c.obj
[ 25%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dac.c.obj
[ 29%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dbgmcu.c.obj
[ 32%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dcmi.c.obj
[ 35%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dma.c.obj
[ 38%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_exti.c.obj
[ 41%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_flash.c.obj
[ 45%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_fsmc.c.obj
[ 48%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_gpio.c.obj
[ 51%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_hash.c.obj
[ 54%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_i2c.c.obj
[ 58%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_iwdg.c.obj
[ 61%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_pwr.c.obj
[ 64%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rcc.c.obj
[ 67%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rng.c.obj
[ 70%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rtc.c.obj
[ 74%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_sdio.c.obj
[ 77%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_spi.c.obj
[ 80%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_syscfg.c.obj
[ 83%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_tim.c.obj
[ 87%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.c.obj
[ 90%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.c.obj
[ 93%] Linking C static library ..\lib\libSTM32F407ZGTX.a
[ 93%] Built target platform
[ 96%] Building C object Application/CMakeFiles/STM32F407ZGTX.elf.dir/main.c.obj
[100%] Linking C executable ..\STM32F407ZGTX.elf
Invoking: Cross ARM GNU Print Size
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
  15236     472    2096   17804    458c E:/project/build/STM32F407ZGTX.elf
      0   15708       0   15708    3d5c E:/project/build/STM32F407ZGTX.hex
[100%] Built target STM32F407ZGTX.elf
终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。

重新编译

终端->运行任务->rebuild 实际上是 终端->运行任务->cmake 和 终端->运行任务->make 的组合

下载

终端->运行任务->download

注意修改CMakeLists.txt 后，需要重新编译。即重新生成Makefile。

仿真

这里仿真器我选择的是 stlink

选择运行与调试->Cortex Debug STM32 或者 F5 选择上次的仿真进行

使用仿真需要工程RELEASE改为DEBUG

项目地址

https://github.com/DanceMonkey2020/stm32_project.git

STM32 系列文章

STM32工程搭建 (Cursor + GCC + MinGW + CMake + OpenOCD)

STM32操作系统移植 (FreeRTOS V11.1.0)

作者：小皮匠1992

物联沃分享整理
物联沃-IOTWORD物联网 » STM32工程搭建指南：使用Cursor实现编译、下载与仿真全过程

代码收藏家普通

分享到：

嵌入式学习交流Q群 679912988

简介

工具下载及安装

安装Cursor

安装GCC

安装MinGW

安装CMake

安装OpenOCD

工程搭建

根CMakeLists.txt

库CMakeLists.txt

BSP目录CMakeLists.txt

可执行CMakeLists.txt

task.json

Cursor 点亮LED

工程测试

仿真

项目地址

STM32 系列文章

代码收藏家 普通

相关推荐

发表回复 取消回复

代码收藏家普通

发表回复取消回复