Python包管理工具pip详解：安装、升级、卸载、查看与列出已安装包的全面指南

pip

1， pip 是 Python 的 包管理工具，全称为 Pip Installs Packages

2. pip 管理 ython 的包，包括，安装包、升级包、卸载包、查看已安装的包等

3. 如果使用的是 Python 3.4 及以上版本，pip 通常已经默认安装

4. 在命令行中执行指令 pip --version，如果已安装，系统会显示 pip 的版本信息

pip 基础操作

1、基本介绍

（1）安装包

pip install 【包名】

# 指定版本号进行安装

pip install 【包名】==【版本号】

（2）升级包

pip install --upgrade 【包名】

# 简写

pip install -U 【包名】

（3）卸载包

pip uninstall 【包名】

（4）查看已安装的包

pip show 【package_name】

（5）列出已安装的包

pip list

2、演示

（1）安装包

pip install requests

Collecting requests
  Downloading requests-2.32.3-py3-none-any.whl (64 kB)
     ---------------------------------------- 64.9/64.9 KB 3.4 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (2.0.12)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (2021.10.8)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (1.26.8)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (3.3)
Installing collected packages: requests
Successfully installed requests-2.32.3
WARNING: You are using pip version 22.0.3; however, version 25.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\Python3.10.2\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

（2）升级包

pip install --upgrade requests

Requirement already satisfied: requests in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (2.32.3)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (2021.10.8)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (3.3)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.21.1 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (1.26.8)
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages (from requests) (2.0.12)
WARNING: You are using pip version 22.0.3; however, version 25.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\Python3.10.2\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

（3）查看已安装的包

pip show requests

Name: requests
Version: 2.32.3
Summary: Python HTTP for Humans.
Home-page: https://requests.readthedocs.io
Author: Kenneth Reitz
Author-email: me@kennethreitz.org
License: Apache-2.0
Location: d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages
Requires: certifi, charset-normalizer, idna, urllib3
Required-by: baidu-aip

（4）列出已安装的包

pip list

Package            Version
------------------ ---------
baidu-aip          2.2.18.0
certifi            2021.10.8
charset-normalizer 2.0.12
cycler             0.11.0
et-xmlfile         1.1.0
fonttools          4.29.1
idna               3.3
kiwisolver         1.3.2
matplotlib         3.5.1
numpy              1.22.2
openpyxl           3.0.9
packaging          21.3
Pillow             9.0.1
pip                22.0.3
pyparsing          3.0.7
python-dateutil    2.8.2
requests           2.32.3
setuptools         58.1.0
six                1.16.0
urllib3            1.26.8
WARNING: You are using pip version 22.0.3; however, version 25.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\Python3.10.2\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

（5）卸载包

pip uninstall requests

Found existing installation: requests 2.27.1
Uninstalling requests-2.27.1:
  Would remove:
    d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages\requests-2.27.1.dist-info\*
    d:\python3.10.2\lib\site-packages\requests\*
Proceed (Y/n)? Y
  Successfully uninstalled requests-2.27.1

作者：我命由我12345