代码收藏家 Python–openpyxl详解
详解
安装
pip install openpyxl
打开文件
创建
from openpyxl import Workbook
# 实例化
wb = Workbook()
# 激活 worksheet
ws = wb.active
打开已有
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb2 = load_workbook('文件名称.xlsx')
储存数据
# 方式一：数据可以直接分配到单元格中(可以输入公式)
ws['A1'] = 42
# 方式二：可以附加行，从第一列开始附加(从最下方空白处，最左开始)(可以输入多行)
ws.append([1, 2, 3])
# 方式三：Python 类型会被自动转换
ws['A3'] = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
创建表（sheet）
# 方式一：插入到最后(default)
>>> ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")
# 方式二：插入到最开始的位置
>>> ws2 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet", 0)
选择表（sheet）
# sheet 名称可以作为 key 进行索引
>>> ws3 = wb["New Title"]
>>> ws4 = wb.get_sheet_by_name("New Title")
>>> ws is ws3 is ws4
True
查看表名（sheet）
# 显示所有表名
>>> print(wb.sheetnames)
['Sheet2', 'New Title', 'Sheet1']
# 遍历所有表
>>> for sheet in wb:
... print(sheet.title)
访问单元格（call）
单一单元格访问
# 方法一
>>> c = ws['A4']
# 方法二：row 行；column 列
>>> d = ws.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)
# 方法三：只要访问就创建
>>> for i in range(1,101):
... for j in range(1,101):
... ws.cell(row=i, column=j)
多单元格访问
# 通过切片
>>> cell_range = ws['A1':'C2']
# 通过行(列)
>>> colC = ws['C']
>>> col_range = ws['C:D']
>>> row10 = ws[10]
>>> row_range = ws[5:10]
# 通过指定范围(行 → 行)
>>> for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=2):
... for cell in row:
... print(cell)
<Cell Sheet1.A1>
<Cell Sheet1.B1>
<Cell Sheet1.C1>
<Cell Sheet1.A2>
<Cell Sheet1.B2>
<Cell Sheet1.C2>
# 通过指定范围(列 → 列)
>>> for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_col=3, max_row=2):
... for cell in row:
... print(cell)
<Cell Sheet1.A1>
<Cell Sheet1.B1>
<Cell Sheet1.C1>
<Cell Sheet1.A2>
<Cell Sheet1.B2>
<Cell Sheet1.C2>
# 遍历所有 方法一
>>> ws = wb.active
>>> ws['C9'] = 'hello world'
>>> tuple(ws.rows)
((<Cell Sheet.A1>, <Cell Sheet.B1>, <Cell Sheet.C1>),
(<Cell Sheet.A2>, <Cell Sheet.B2>, <Cell Sheet.C2>),
...
(<Cell Sheet.A8>, <Cell Sheet.B8>, <Cell Sheet.C8>),
(<Cell Sheet.A9>, <Cell Sheet.B9>, <Cell Sheet.C9>))
# 遍历所有 方法二
>>> tuple(ws.columns)
((<Cell Sheet.A1>,
<Cell Sheet.A2>,
<Cell Sheet.A3>,
...
<Cell Sheet.B7>,
<Cell Sheet.B8>,
<Cell Sheet.B9>),
(<Cell Sheet.C1>,
...
<Cell Sheet.C8>,
<Cell Sheet.C9>))
保存数据
>>> wb.save('文件名称.xlsx')
改变 sheet 标签按钮颜色
ws.sheet_properties.tabColor = "1072BA"
获取最大行，最大列
# 获得最大列和最大行
print(sheet.max_row)
print(sheet.max_column)
获取每一行，每一列
sheet.rows为生成器, 里面是每一行的数据，每一行又由一个tuple包裹。
sheet.columns类似，不过里面是每个tuple是每一列的单元格。
# 因为按行，所以返回A1, B1, C1这样的顺序
for row in sheet.rows:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value)
# A1, A2, A3这样的顺序
for column in sheet.columns:
for cell in column:
print(cell.value)
根据数字得到字母，根据字母得到数字
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter, column_index_from_string
# 根据列的数字返回字母
print(get_column_letter(2)) # B
# 根据字母返回列的数字
print(column_index_from_string('D')) # 4
删除工作表
# 方式一
wb.remove(sheet)
# 方式二
del wb[sheet]
矩阵置换（行 → 列）
rows = [
['Number', 'data1', 'data2'],
[2, 40, 30],
[3, 40, 25],
[4, 50, 30],
[5, 30, 10],
[6, 25, 5],
[7, 50, 10]]
list(zip(*rows))
# out
[('Number', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7),
('data1', 40, 40, 50, 30, 25, 50),
('data2', 30, 25, 30, 10, 5, 10)]
# 注意 方法会舍弃缺少数据的列(行)
rows = [
['Number', 'data1', 'data2'],
[2, 40 ], # 这里少一个数据
[3, 40, 25],
[4, 50, 30],
[5, 30, 10],
[6, 25, 5],
[7, 50, 10],
]
# out
[('Number', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), ('data1', 40, 40, 50, 30, 25, 50)]
单元格样式
from openpyxl.styles import Font, colors, Alignment
# 下面的代码指定了等线24号，加粗斜体，字体颜色红色。直接使用cell的font属性，将Font对象赋值给它。
bold_itatic_24_font = Font(name='等线', size=24, italic=True, color=colors.RED, bold=True)
sheet['A1'].font = bold_itatic_24_font
对齐方式
也是直接使用cell的属性aligment，这里指定垂直居中和水平居中。除了center，还可以使用right、left等等参数。
# 设置B1中的数据垂直居中和水平居中
sheet['B1'].alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')
设置行高和列宽
# 第2行行高
sheet.row_dimensions[2].height = 40
# C列列宽
sheet.column_dimensions['C'].width = 30
合并和拆分单元格
所谓合并单元格，即以合并区域的左上角的那个单元格为基准，覆盖其他单元格使之称为一个大的单元格。
相反，拆分单元格后将这个大单元格的值返回到原来的左上角位置。
# 合并单元格， 往左上角写入数据即可
sheet.merge_cells('B1:G1') # 合并一行中的几个单元格
sheet.merge_cells('A1:C3') # 合并一个矩形区域中的单元格
合并后只可以往左上角写入数据，也就是区间中:左边的坐标。
如果这些要合并的单元格都有数据，只会保留左上角的数据，其他则丢弃。换句话说若合并前不是在左上角写入数据，合并后单元格中不会有数据。
以下是拆分单元格的代码。拆分后，值回到A1位置。
sheet.unmerge_cells('A1:C3')
小案例
import datetime
from random import choice
from time import time
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
# 设置文件 mingc
addr = "openpyxl.xlsx"
# 打开文件
wb = load_workbook(addr)
# 创建一张新表
ws = wb.create_sheet()
# 第一行输入
ws.append(['TIME', 'TITLE', 'A-Z'])
# 输入内容（500行数据）
for i in range(500):
TIME = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
TITLE = str(time())
A_Z = get_column_letter(choice(range(1, 50)))
ws.append([TIME, TITLE, A_Z])
# 获取最大行
row_max = ws.max_row
# 获取最大列
con_max = ws.max_column
# 把上面写入内容打印在控制台
for j in ws.rows: # we.rows 获取每一行数据
for n in j:
print(n.value, end="\t") # n.value 获取单元格的值
print()
# 保存，save（必须要写文件名（绝对地址）默认 py 同级目录下，只支持 xlsx 格式）
wb.save(addr)
案例
1、 安装
pip install openpyxl
想要在文件中插入图片文件，需要安装pillow，安装文件：PIL-fork-1.1.7.win-amd64-py2.7.exe
· font(字体类)：字号、字体颜色、下划线等
· fill(填充类)：颜色等
· border(边框类)：设置单元格边框
· alignment(位置类)：对齐方式
· number_format(格式类)：数据格式
· protection(保护类)：写保护
2、 创建一个excel 文件，并写入不同类的内容
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook() #创建文件对象
# grab the active worksheet
ws = wb.active #获取第一个sheet
# Data can be assigned directly to cells
ws['A1'] = 42 #写入数字
ws['B1'] = "你好"+"automation test" #写入中文（unicode中文也可）
# Rows can also be appended
ws.append([1, 2, 3]) #写入多个单元格
# Python types will automatically be converted
import datetime
import time
ws['A2'] = datetime.datetime.now() #写入一个当前时间
#写入一个自定义的时间格式
ws['A3'] =time.strftime("%Y年%m月%d日 %H时%M分%S秒",time.localtime())
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
3、 创建sheet
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet") #创建一个sheet
ws1["A1"]=123.11
ws1["B2"]="你好"
d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)
print ws1["A1"].value
print ws1["B2"].value
print d.value
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
4、 操作单元格
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet") #创建一个sheet
ws1["A1"]=123.11
ws1["B2"]="你好"
d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)
print ws1["A1"].value
print ws1["B2"].value
print d.value
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
操作批量的单元格
无论ws.rows还是ws.iter_rows都是一个对象
除上述两个对象外 单行，单列都是一个元祖，多行多列是二维元祖
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet") #创建一个sheet
ws1["A1"]=1
ws1["A2"]=2
ws1["A3"]=3
ws1["B1"]=4
ws1["B2"]=5
ws1["B3"]=6
ws1["C1"]=7
ws1["C2"]=8
ws1["C3"]=9
#操作单列
print ws1["A"]
for cell in ws1["A"]:
print cell.value
#操作多列,获取每一个值
print ws1["A:C"]
for column in ws1["A:C"]:
for cell in column:
print cell.value
#操作多行
row_range = ws1[1:3]
print row_range
for row in row_range:
for cell in row:
print cell.value
print "*"*50
for row in ws1.iter_rows(min_row=1, min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=3):
for cell in row:
print cell.value
#获取所有行
print ws1.rows
for row in ws1.rows:
print row
print "*"*50
#获取所有列
print ws1.columns
for col in ws1.columns:
print col
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
使用百分数
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
wb.guess_types = True # 如果等于False 结果会打印百分数
ws=wb.active
ws["D1"]="12%"
print ws["D1"].value
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
#结果会打印小数
获取所有的行对象(常用于按行读excel)
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
for row in ws.iter_rows():
print(tuple(map(lambda x: x.value, row)))
# for i in row:
# print(i.value)
获取所有的列对象(常用于按列读excel)
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
for row in ws.iter_cols():
print(tuple(map(lambda x: x.value, row)))
操作已经存在的文件(修改内容)
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
wb.guess_types = True # 猜测格式类型
ws = wb.active
print(ws['C2'])
ws["D1"] = "12%" # 直接修改
wb.save("1.xlsx")
# 注意如果原文件有一些图片或者图标，则保存的时候可能会导致图片丢失
单元格类型
from openpyxl import load_workbook
import datetime
wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws = wb.active
wb.guess_types = True
ws["A1"] = datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 21)
print(ws["A1"].number_format)
ws["A2"] = "12%"
print(ws["A2"].number_format)
ws["A3"] = 1.1
print(ws["A4"].number_format)
ws["A4"] = "中国"
print(ws["A5"].number_format)
# Save the file
wb.save("1.xlsx")
#如果是常规，显示general,如果是数字，显示'0.00_ '，如果是百分数显示0%
# 数字需要在Excel中设置数字类型，直接写入的数字是常规类型
使用公式
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
ws1=wb.active
ws1["A1"]=1
ws1["A2"]=2
ws1["A3"]=3
ws1["A4"] = "=SUM(1, 1)"
ws1["A5"] = "=SUM(A1:A3)"
print(ws1["A4"].value) #打印的是公式内容，不是公式计算后的值,程序无法取到计算后的值
print(ws1["A5"].value) #打印的是公式内容，不是公式计算后的值,程序无法取到计算后的值
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
合并单元格
需要先安装Pilow
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
ws1=wb.active
img = Image('e:\\1.png')
ws1.add_image(img, 'A1')
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
隐藏单元格
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
ws1=wb.active
ws1.column_dimensions.group('A', 'D', hidden=True) #隐藏a到d列范围内的列
#ws1.row_dimensions 无group方法
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
设定一个表格区域，并设定表格的格式
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.worksheet.table import Table, TableStyleInfo
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
data = [
['Apples', 10000, 5000, 8000, 6000],
['Pears', 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000],
['Bananas', 6000, 6000, 6500, 6000],
['Oranges', 500, 300, 200, 700],
]
# add column headings. NB. these must be strings
ws.append(["Fruit", "2011", "2012", "2013", "2014"])
for row in data:
ws.append(row)
tab = Table(displayName="Table1", ref="A1:E5")
# Add a default style with striped rows and banded columns
style = TableStyleInfo(name="TableStyleMedium9", showFirstColumn=True,
showLastColumn=True, showRowStripes=True, showColumnStripes=True)
#第一列是否和样式第一行颜色一行，第二列是否···
#是否隔行换色，是否隔列换色
tab.tableStyleInfo = style
ws.add_table(tab)
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
给单元格设定字体颜色
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import colors
from openpyxl.styles import Font
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
a1 = ws['A1']
d4 = ws['D4']
ft = Font(color=colors.RED) # color="FFBB00"，颜色编码也可以设定颜色
a1.font = ft
d4.font = ft
# If you want to change the color of a Font, you need to reassign it::
#italic 倾斜字体
a1.font = Font(color=colors.RED, italic=True) # the change only affects A1
a1.value = "abc"
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
设定字体和大小
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import colors
from openpyxl.styles import Font
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
a1 = ws['A1']
d4 = ws['D4']
a1.value = "abc"
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from copy import copy
ft1 = Font(name=u'宋体', size=14)
ft2 = copy(ft1) #复制字体对象
ft2.name = "Tahoma"
print ft1.name
print ft2.name
print ft2.size # copied from the
a1.font = ft1
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
设定行和列的字体
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
col = ws.column_dimensions['A']
col.font = Font(bold=True) #将A列设定为粗体
row = ws.row_dimensions[1]
row.font = Font(underline="single") #将第一行设定为下划线格式
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
设定单元格的边框、字体、颜色、大小和边框背景色
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
highlight = NamedStyle(name="highlight")
highlight.font = Font(bold=True, size=20,color= "ff0100")
highlight.fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="DDDDDD")#背景填充
bd = Side(style='thick', color="000000")
highlight.border = Border(left=bd, top=bd, right=bd, bottom=bd)
print dir(ws["A1"])
ws["A1"].style =highlight
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
常用的样式和属性设置
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Font
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ft = Font(name=u'微软雅黑',
size=11,
bold=False,
italic=False,
vertAlign=None,
underline='none',
strike=False,
color='FF000000')
fill = PatternFill(fill_type="solid",
start_color='FFEEFFFF',
end_color='FF001100')
#边框可以选择的值为：'hair', 'medium', 'dashDot', 'dotted', 'mediumDashDot', 'dashed', 'mediumDashed', 'mediumDashDotDot', 'dashDotDot', 'slantDashDot', 'double', 'thick', 'thin']
#diagonal 表示对角线
bd = Border(left=Side(border_style="thin",
color='FF001000'),
right=Side(border_style="thin",
color='FF110000'),
top=Side(border_style="thin",
color='FF110000'),
bottom=Side(border_style="thin",
color='FF110000'),
diagonal=Side(border_style=None,
color='FF000000'),
diagonal_direction=0,
outline=Side(border_style=None,
color='FF000000'),
vertical=Side(border_style=None,
color='FF000000'),
horizontal=Side(border_style=None,
color='FF110000')
)
alignment=Alignment(horizontal='general',
vertical='bottom',
text_rotation=0,
wrap_text=False,
shrink_to_fit=False,
indent=0)
number_format = 'General'
protection = Protection(locked=True,
hidden=False)
ws["B5"].font = ft
ws["B5"].fill =fill
ws["B5"].border = bd
ws["B5"].alignment = alignment
ws["B5"].number_format = number_format
ws["B5"].value ="zeke"
# Save the file
wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
插入图片
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
wb = load_workbook('1.xlsx')
ws1 = wb.active
img = Image(r'C:\Users\EDY\Desktop\1654138574(1).jpg')
img.width, img.height = 50, 50
ws1.add_image(img, 'F1')
# 第2行行高
ws1.row_dimensions[2].height = 40
# C列列宽
ws1.column_dimensions['C'].width = 30
wb.save("1.xlsx")
样式详解
字体样式
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
# 默认字体样式
ws["A1"] = "A1"
# 自定义字体样式
ws["B2"] = "B2"
font = Font(
name="微软雅黑", # 字体
size=15, # 字体大小
color="0000FF", # 字体颜色，用16进制rgb表示
bold=True, # 是否加粗，True/False
italic=True, # 是否斜体，True/False
strike=None, # 是否使用删除线，True/False
underline=None, # 下划线, 可选'singleAccounting', 'double', 'single', 'doubleAccounting'
)
ws["B2"].font = font
wb.save("./test.xlsx")
行列宽高
from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws.row_dimensions[2].height = 30 # 设置第2行高度为30
ws.column_dimensions["B"].width = 30 # 设置B列宽度为30
wb.save("./test.xlsx")
对齐方式
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws["B2"] = "B2"
side = Side(
style="medium", # 边框样式，可选dashDot、dashDotDot、dashed、dotted、double、hair、medium、mediumDashDot、mediumDashDotDot、mediumDashed、slantDashDot、thick、thin
color="ff66dd", # 边框颜色，16进制rgb表示
)
ws["B2"].border = Border(
top=side, # 上
bottom=side, # 下
left=side, # 左
right=side, # 右
diagonal=side # 对角线
)
wb.save("./test.xlsx")
边框
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws["B2"] = "B2"
side = Side(
style="medium", # 边框样式，可选dashDot、dashDotDot、dashed、dotted、double、hair、medium、mediumDashDot、mediumDashDotDot、mediumDashed、slantDashDot、thick、thin
color="ff66dd", # 边框颜色，16进制rgb表示
)
ws["B2"].border = Border(
top=side, # 上
bottom=side, # 下
left=side, # 左
right=side, # 右
diagonal=side # 对角线
)
wb.save("./test.xlsx")
填充和渐变
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, GradientFill
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws["B2"] = "B2"
fill = PatternFill(
patternType="solid", # 填充类型，可选none、solid、darkGray、mediumGray、lightGray、lightDown、lightGray、lightGrid
fgColor="F562a4", # 前景色，16进制rgb
bgColor="0000ff", # 背景色，16进制rgb
# fill_type=None, # 填充类型
# start_color=None, # 前景色，16进制rgb
# end_color=None # 背景色，16进制rgb
)
ws["B2"].fill = fill
ws["B3"].fill = GradientFill(
degree=60, # 角度
stop=("000000", "FFFFFF") # 渐变颜色，16进制rgb
)
wb.save("./test.xlsx")
案例
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Border, Side, colors, borders, Font, Alignment
class ExportExcel(object):
'''导出excel'''
def __init__(self):
self._wb = Workbook()
self._border = Border( # 边框
top=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK),
bottom=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK),
left=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK),
right=Side(style=borders.BORDER_THIN, color=colors.BLACK)
)
self._font = Font(bold=True, size=10) # 字体
self._alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center') # 居中
def jibenxinxi(self):
'''基本信息'''
sheet = self._wb.create_sheet('基本信息', 0)
for index, row in enumerate(sheet['A1:L16']):
sheet.row_dimensions[index + 1].height = 35 # 行高
for info in row:
info.border = self._border
info.alignment = self._alignment
info.font = self._font
info.alignment = self._alignment
sheet.merge_cells('A1:L1')
sheet['A1'] = '教员基本情况'
sheet['A2'] = '姓名'
sheet.merge_cells('A2:C2')
sheet['D2'] = 'xx'
sheet.merge_cells('D2:F2')
sheet['G2'] = '性别'
sheet['H2'] = 'xx'
sheet['I2'] = '民族'
sheet['J2'] = 'xx'
sheet['K2'] = '籍贯'
sheet['L2'] = 'xx'
# ----------------------------------------
sheet['A3'] = '出生年月'
sheet.merge_cells('A3:C3')
sheet['D3'] = 'xx'
sheet.merge_cells('D3:F3')
sheet['G3'] = '工作年月'
sheet['H3'] = 'xx'
sheet['I3'] = '任教年月'
sheet['J3'] = 'xx'
sheet['K3'] = '出生地'
sheet['L3'] = 'xx'
# --------------------------------------
sheet['A4'] = '人员类型'
sheet.merge_cells('A4:C4')
sheet['D4'] = 'xx'
sheet.merge_cells('D4:F4')
sheet['G4'] = '职务'
sheet['H4'] = 'xx'
sheet['I4'] = '政治面貌'
sheet['J4'] = 'xx'
sheet['K4'] = '婚姻状况'
sheet['L4'] = 'xx'
self._wb.save(r'C:\Users\EDY\Desktop\1.xlsx')
# r = ExportExcel()
# r.jibenxinxi()
