使用Proteus实现51单片机的串口通讯仿真实验

首先在Proteus中连接电路：

在keil中编写单片机代码，并将生成Hex的目标文件下载到preteus的单片机内，代码如下：

#include<reg51.h>

#define ON 	0;
#define OFF 1;

sbit LED1 = P2^0;
sbit LED2 = P2^1;
sbit LED3 = P2^2;
sbit LED4 = P2^3;
sbit LED5 = P2^4;
sbit LED6 = P2^5;
sbit LED7 = P2^6;
sbit LED8 = P2^7;

unsigned char DATA = 0;

void delay(unsigned int a)
{
	while(a--);
}

void Usat_Init()
{
	EA = 1;       // 打开中断总开关
	
	ES = 1;       // 打开串口中断开关
	SCON = 0x50;  // 选择方式1
	PCON = 0x80;  // 波特率加倍
	
	TH1 = 0xF3;   // 芯片频率为12MHz, 设置波特率为2400， 在SMOD作用下加倍，4800
	TL1 = 0xF3;   // 重载值
	TMOD = 0x20;  // 选择计时器1，方式2
	TR1 = 1;      // 启动计时器1
}


void main(void)
{
	unsigned char num = 3;
	Usat_Init();
	//LED1 = ON;
	while(1)
	{
		
	}
}

void Usat_Func() interrupt 4
{
	//delay(0xfff);
	while(RI == 0);
	RI = 0;
	DATA = SBUF;
	switch (DATA)
	{
		case 0x01:
			LED1 = ~LED1;
			break;
		case 0x02:
			LED2 = ~LED2;
			break;
		case 0x03:
			LED3 = ~LED3;
			break;
		case 0x04:
			LED4 = ~LED4;
			break;
		case 0x05:
			LED5 = ~LED5;
			break;
		case 0x06:
			LED6 = ~LED6;
			break;
		case 0x07:
			LED7 = ~LED7;
			break;
		case 0x08:
			LED8 = ~LED8;
			break;
	}
	
}

使用pycharm开发上位机，代码如下:

import serial
from serial.tools import list_ports
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter.messagebox import *


class MySerial:
    def __init__(self):
        self.ser = serial.Serial()

    # 显示连接的端口

    # 建立连接
    def connect(self, port, baudrate, bytesize, stopbits, parity, timeout):
        # 如果之前打开的串口没有关闭，这里自动关闭
        if self.ser.is_open:
            self.ser.close()
        self.ser = serial.Serial(port=port, baudrate=baudrate,bytesize=bytesize, stopbits=stopbits, parity=parity, timeout=timeout)
        print("连接成功")

    # 发送数据
    def send(self, data):
        self.ser.write(data.encode())

    # 接受数据
    def rcve(self):
        pass

    def close(self):
        self.ser.close()


class Interface:
    def __init__(self):
        self.my_serial = MySerial()

        self.window = tk.Tk()
        self.window.title("LED上位机")
        self.window.geometry("400x300")
        self.port_name_var = tk.Variable()
        self.baudrate_var = tk.Variable()
        self.button_connect_var = tk.Variable()
        self.button_connect_var.set("打开串口")

        self.serial_status = "OFF"

        self.combobox_port = ttk.Combobox(self.window, textvariable=self.port_name_var)
        self.combobox_baudrate = ttk.Combobox(self.window, textvariable=self.baudrate_var)
        self.button_connect = tk.Button(self.window, textvariable=self.button_connect_var, command=self.open_close_serial)
        self.button_led1 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED1", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x01))))
        self.button_led2 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED2", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x02))))
        self.button_led3 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED3", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x03))))
        self.button_led4 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED4", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x04))))
        self.button_led5 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED5", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x05))))
        self.button_led6 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED6", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x06))))
        self.button_led7 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED7", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x07))))
        self.button_led8 = tk.Button(self.window, text="LED8", command=lambda: self.command(str(chr(0x08))))

        self.combobox_port.place(relx=1/9, rely=1/8, relwidth=2/9, relheight=1/10)
        self.combobox_baudrate.place(relx=6/9, rely=1/8, relwidth=2/9, relheight=1/10)
        self.button_connect.place(relx=3/9, rely=5/16, relwidth=3/9, relheight=1/8)
        self.button_led1.place(relx=1 / 9, rely=2 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led2.place(relx=3 / 9, rely=2 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led3.place(relx=5 / 9, rely=2 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led4.place(relx=7 / 9, rely=2 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led5.place(relx=1 / 9, rely=3 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led6.place(relx=3 / 9, rely=3 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led7.place(relx=5 / 9, rely=3 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)
        self.button_led8.place(relx=7 / 9, rely=3 / 4, relwidth=1 / 9, relheight=1 / 8)

    # 显示串口列表
    def show_list(self):
        # 显示串口列表
        self.combobox_port['values'] = [x.name for x in list(list_ports.comports())]
        # 显示波特率列表
        self.combobox_baudrate['values'] = [600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200]

    def open_close_serial(self):
        var = self.button_connect_var.get()
        if var == "打开串口":
            port = self.combobox_port.get()
            baudrate = self.baudrate_var.get()
            print(port)
            if port == "":
                return
            try:
                self.my_serial.connect(port=port, baudrate=baudrate, bytesize=8, stopbits=1, parity="N", timeout=1)
                self.button_connect_var.set("关闭串口")
                self.combobox_baudrate.configure(state="disable")
                self.combobox_port.configure(state="disable")
            except:
                showerror("串口错误", "该串口被占用或不存在！")
        else:
            self.my_serial.close()
            self.button_connect_var.set("打开串口")
            self.combobox_baudrate.configure(state="enable")
            self.combobox_port.configure(state="enable")

    def command(self, data):
        self.my_serial.send(data=data)

    def run(self):
        self.show_list()
        self.window.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    interface = Interface()
    interface.run()

打开VSPD软件，建立一对虚拟串口，我这里的串口是COM5和COM6，一端连接的单片机，另一端连接的上位机：

在开始运行前，我们需要配置proteus里面外设的波特率(由你的单片机程序设定的)。

仿真效果如下：