代码收藏家技术教程 2024-02-29

【STM32】HAL库学习笔记：UART/USART串口通信超详细教程

【stm32】hal库学习笔记-UART/USART串口通信

hal库驱动函数

CubeMX图形化配置

导入LCD.ioc
RTC设置

时钟树配置
设置LSE为RTC时钟源
USART设置
中断设置

程序编写

编写主函数

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  lcd_init();
  lcd_show_str(10, 10, 16, "Demo12_1:USART1-CH340", RED);
  lcd_show_str(10, 30, 16, "Please connect board with PC", RED);
  lcd_show_str(10, 50, 16, "via MiniUSB line before power on", RED);

  uint8_t hello1[] = "Hello, blocking\n";
  HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, hello1, sizeof(hello1), 500);
  HAL_Delay(10);

  uint8_t hello2[] = "Hello, none blocking\n";
  HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(&huart1, hello2, sizeof(hello2));

  lcd_show_str(10, 90, 16, "Received command string is: ", RED);
  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, rxBuffer, RX_CMD_LEN);

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

在rtc.c中重写回调函数

/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
void HAL_RTCEx_WakeUpTimerEventCallback(RTC_HandleTypeDef *hrtc) {
	RTC_TimeTypeDef sTime;
	RTC_DateTypeDef sDate;
	if (HAL_RTC_GetTime(hrtc, &sTime, RTC_FORMAT_BIN) == HAL_OK) {
		HAL_RTC_GetDate(hrtc, &sDate, RTC_FORMAT_BIN);
		uint8_t timeStr[20];
		sprintf(timeStr, "%2d:%2d:%2d\n", sTime.Hours, sTime.Minutes, sTime.Seconds);
		lcd_show_str(30, 70, 16, timeStr, BLACK);
		if (isUploadTime) {
			HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, timeStr, strlen(timeStr), 200);
		}
	}
}
/* USER CODE END 1 */

在usart.h文件中编写定义

/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */
#define RX_CMD_LEN 5
extern uint8_t rxBuffer[];
extern uint8_t isUploadTime;
/* USER CODE END Private defines */

编写usart.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#include "rtc.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include <string.h>

uint8_t proBuffer[10] = "#S45;\n";
uint8_t rxBuffer[10] = "#H12;\n";
uint8_t rxCompleted = RESET;
uint8_t isUploadTime = 1;
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart) {
	if (huart->Instance == USART1) {
		rxCompleted = SET;
		for (uint16_t i = 0; i < RX_CMD_LEN; i++) {
			proBuffer[i] = rxBuffer[i];
			__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_IDLE);
		}
	}
}

void on_UART_IDLE(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart) {
	if (__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(huart, UART_FLAG_IDLE) == RESET) {
		return;
	}
	__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);
	__HAL_UART_DISABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_IDLE);
	if (rxCompleted) {
		HAL_UART_Transmit(huart, proBuffer, strlen(proBuffer), 100);
		HAL_Delay(10);
		updateRTCTime();
		lcd_show_str(30, 110, 16, proBuffer, BLACK);
		rxCompleted = RESET;
		HAL_UART_Receive_IT(huart, rxBuffer, RX_CMD_LEN);
	}
}

void updateRTCTime() {
	if (proBuffer[0] != '#') {
		return;
	}
	uint8_t timeSection = proBuffer[1];
	uint8_t temp10 = proBuffer[2] - '0';
	uint8_t temp1 = proBuffer[3] - '0';
	uint8_t value = 10 * temp10 + temp1;
	if (timeSection == 'U') {
		isUploadTime = value;
		return;
	}

	RTC_TimeTypeDef sTime;
	RTC_DateTypeDef sDate;
	if (HAL_RTC_GetTime(&hrtc, &sTime, RTC_FORMAT_BIN) == HAL_OK) {
		HAL_RTC_GetDate(&hrtc, &sDate, RTC_FORMAT_BIN);

		sTime.DayLightSaving = 0;
		sTime.StoreOperation = 0;

		if (timeSection == 'H') {
			sTime.Hours = value;
		} else if (timeSection == 'M') {
			sTime.Minutes = value;
		} else if (timeSection == 'S') {
			sTime.Seconds = value;
		}
		HAL_RTC_SetTime(&hrtc, &sTime, RTC_FORMAT_BIN);
	}
}

/* USER CODE END 1 */